Mandatory Incarceration For Chronic Juvenile Offenders

In researching materials of mandatory incarceration for chronic juvenile offenders, I had to define ‘What is a chronic juvenile offender?’ It is a young individual who are chronic reoffenders that is arrested on average two years earlier than juvenile offender (age usually 11 or younger). â€Å"The threshold in chronic offending for number of arrests is five. Therefore, youth arrested for the sixth time are extremely likely to later become young chronic offenders. So the use of arrests seems to be more appropriate in measuring of chronicity† (FSU, 1999). In order to properly address mandatory incarceration for chronic juvenile offender’s criminal activities, it is important to begin with psychological assessments and evaluations. Half of our youths have experienced some type of psychological trauma such as depression, PTSD, personality disorders, anxiety, anger issues, or dissociation, just to name a few (Moroz, K. 2009). In order to determine mandatory incarceration, all of these factors must be considered. I will agree with most of our society that is , if they are a danger to society and serious of the crime, they need to be put into detention, where they cannot cause harm but where they can received the right intervention program and mental health treatment for them, it’s the law. The juvenile justice system is to rehabilitate not punish young offenders. Punishment is not the answer in solving their delinquent behavioral patterns. I feel that they need to do psychologicalShow MoreRelatedDoes Punishment Deter Crime?1773 Words   |  8 Pagescriminals in prisons are not beneficial, we must understand these goals. Retribution is the sentencing goal that seeks revenge on a criminal. It corresponds to the â€Å"just deserts† model of sentencing due to the fact that it deems offenders responsible for their crimes. When an offender is punished under this model, they are said to have received their â€Å"just deserts† (Schmalleger, 2005). Imprisonment is the primary sentencing goal of this model. Yet, capital punishment has resulted in the ultimate retributionRead MoreThe Adam Gopniks The Caging Of America1569 Words   |  7 Pagesand the detrimental consequences that prisoners are left to face. Although Gopnik undeniably articulates, â€Å"we need to take more care,† he lacks a concrete solution to the epidemic that is mass-incarceration. But in order for us to unearth this solution, we must f irst retrace the history of mass incarceration and reevaluate the egregious effects it has on our society. Starting during the 1980s, when the State and Federal government were struggling to combat an extreme rise in drug use throughoutRead MoreWhy Crimes Are Committed969 Words   |  4 PagesCareer criminals are defined as having more than five contacts with police through their lives. Walker attests that for thirty plus years career criminals have been a concentration of crime control policy in terms of preventative detention, major offender prosecution programs, selective incapacitation- Â…aimed at the so called career criminal (Walker 68). If the causes and reasons for certain individuals to continue committing crimes through adult life are identified, it is thought that they canRead MoreDrug Use And Its Effects On The United States2048 Words   |  9 PagesAccording to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, 20,000 people die from illicit drug abuse each year. In Holland, drugs fall under health agencies’ jurisdiction rather than law enforcement’s. Because of these regulations, they have seen a decline in chronic use of hard drugs and casual use of soft drugs (Stanford University). These declines can be seen in the table below. Most Republicans or conservatives support the War on Drugs because they believe that drugs should not be legalized and that thereRead MorePrison : Recidivism And Reentry3158 Words   |  13 Pagesculprits leading to incarceration and repeat criminal offenses among women in recent years. Drug offenses have the largest increase of any crime committed by female offenders. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics (2012), the most serious offense for 59.4% of women in federal prison and 25.1% of women in state prisons is violation of drug laws (Carson Sabol, 2011). In addition, Stuart and Brice-Baker (2004) found that the rise in female criminal behavior and incarceration can be attributedRead MorePrison : Recidivism And Reentry3158 Words   |  13 Pagesculprits leading to incarceration and repeat criminal offenses among women in recent years. Drug offenses have the largest increase of any crime committed by female offenders. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics (2012), the most serious offense for 59.4% of women in federal prison and 25.1% of women in state prisons is violation of drug laws (Carson Sabol, 2011). In addition, Stuart and Brice-Baker (2004) found that the rise in female criminal behavior and incarceration can be attributedRead More The Development of Childhood Throughout History Essay3065 Words   |  13 Pagesenforced, and many children continued to be subjected to unfair treatment. (Siegel 15) Before the 20th Century children were treated with extreme cruelty in the home, school and by law enforcement. There was little difference between juvenile and adult offenders and both children and adults were eligible for the same type punishment. As society became more aware and sensitive to the needs of children, treatment of these children changed and it became apparent that these children formed a separateRead MoreIncarceration: Prison and Inmates10532 Words   |  43 Pagesof crimes. The judicial system is authorized to confine persons convicted of crimes. This confinement, whether before or after a criminal conviction, is called incarceration. Incarceration is one of the main forms of punishment for the commission of illegal offenses. Juveniles and adults alike are subject to incarceration. Incarceration is the detention of a person in a jail or prison. The federal, state, and local governments have facilities to confine people. Individuals awaiting trial, beingRead MoreCritical Analysis of Women Behind Bars Essay4460 Words   |  18 Pagessubstance abuse and physical and sexual abuse among incarcerated women. Silja Talvi’s aim is to â€Å"shed light on what has contributed to this historic phenomenon of the mass incarceration of women in the United States† (Talvi, 2007). This paper will give background on how Silja J.A. Talvi researched the increase of female incarceration. This paper will also give insight surrounding the problems of the women, who Silja J.A. Talvi interviewed, faced while incarcerated. Additionally, outside resources pertainingRead MoreEssay on Report On Youth Violence2876 Words   |  12 Pagesa cafeteria worker. The student was expelled from school. - A nine-year-old on the way to school found a manicure kit with a 1-inch knife. The student was suspended for one day. The report notes that many of these children are also referred to juvenile court: - In Ponchatoula Louisiana, a 12-year-old who had been diagnosed with a hyperactive disorder warned the kids in the lunch line not to eat all the potatoes, or quot;Im going to get you.quot; The student, turned in by the lunch monitor

Cultural Analysis of Ben Jerrys Issue Using Scheins...

Company Background of Ben Jerry’s In 1978, Ben Jerry’s Homemade Inc. was established in Vermont, Burlington. According to Material Handling Management (2008), Ben Jerry’s operate with â€Å"more than 650 employees in three facilities, all in Vermont – South Burlington, Waterbury and St. Albans. Corporate offices are located at South Burlington site.† Ben Jerry’s hold ‘Free Cone Day: free scoops of Ben Jerry’s’ once a year to mark its annual anniversaries nationwide. Ben Jerry’s Foundation is founded in 1985 to offer funding to community-oriented schemes. The board of directors of the company â€Å"commits 7.5% of the company’s annual pretax profits to philanthropy.† (http://www.benandjerrysfoundation.org/who-we-are.html) Ben Jerry’s†¦show more content†¦According to Wilson (2010: 224), â€Å"organizational cultures are not mirror images of the cultures of the wilder society.† As businesses grow internationally, culture becomes an important feature to consider. â€Å"Intercultural communication refers to a process in which messages created in one culture must be processed and interpreted in another culture.† (Hill, Wu, Beadle and Brown, 2012: 297) Organizations from different countries where native language is not similar to each other, may encounter difficulties to communicate due to barriers to intercultural communication which includes non-verbal behaviors and non-verbal interactions. Non-verbal interactions and behaviors can cause anger, sadness and fear because of misunderstanding each other. Language, anxiety, prejudice and stereotypes are also barriers to intercultural communications. Language can be misunderstood by translation problems. Translation plays a role in enhancing communications between cultures. However, translation is often faulty byShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesresult oriented but also to b e wise in their decision making. This requires that they have a deeper than superficial understanding of management and organization issues. McAuley et al. helps student and managers understand organizational performance without having to go through extensive reading. It deepens their understanding of issues with which they are confronted in practice, by putting them into a larger context. This book really helps students and managers to become wiser. Professor Renà © Tissen

Magical Realism free essay sample

Genre, in its most common definition, is â€Å"a class or category of artistic endeavor† (Genre), and is used in many ways to define how a work of art, literature, or anything should be categorized. However, the art of defining a genre is a hairy situation; meaning, it is very difficult to categorize something because genre is culturally defined and is much a taboo as sex and drugs are in the United States. Although genre can be hairy to define and categorize, seeing something might be one thing in the U.S, and something else in another county, it allows for an interesting analysis to take place. And some languages, like Spanish, allow for unique genres that create a more interesting analysis. The Spanish language presents opportunities for authors unlike any other language on earth. Through its use of conditional tenses and the hypothetical past-subjunctive mood, the Spanish language is able to express ideas in ways that English would never see possible. We will write a custom essay sample on Magical Realism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Such examples would include a genre that one might feel is mind-boggling and hard to grasp, magical realism. Magical realism, â€Å"a style of [literature] in which fantastic [thoughts] or imaginary [thoughts] and unsettling images are depicted in a sharp yet realistic manner† (Magical Realism), is native to the Hispanic and Latin culture and has been interpreted by notorious authors such as Luis Borges, Federico Garcia Lorca and many others. Although fairly unique, the idea of magical realism was simply a mutation of fantasy and tall tales and contains limitations which limit, yet allow, the author to create a magical tale. The single most noticeable limitation in magical realism is the contrast from reality to a world of fantasy. Some novels, like El Otro by Borges, utilize a difference in time to distinguish between what is fact and what is not. Other novels, like Aleph by Borges, utilize a characterization difference within one persona. For example, the protagonist in an other novel by Lorca is a chimera and contains the antagonist within his mind. Although, several conceits and complex comparisons lay within this split characterization, there is a direct reference to magical realism. But, how is there a limitation for the author in magical realism? The limitation lays in the necessity for a steep and sharp contrast between the world of fantasy and reality. But out of the single limitation, there are several helping agents for the author of this particular genre. Probably, the most successful is the allowance of a deeper comparison, conceit and a more complex theme. Although most magical realism novels contain a similar theme, there is grand variation in each. Another very prominent allowance in magical realism is the genre’s accessibility but not its understandability. The people of the Spanish world love to read such novels because of the world it transports them too and, yet, allowing them to remain in realistic state of mind. It is in the belief of many that this particular genre is one of the most accessible genres in the world, as it is read in almost every single country on earth. Another surprising fact, or interesting one should say, is the number two book in the world, Don Quixote which is only two under the bible, is a novel categorized as magical realism in almost every single culture on earth. As mentioned in the introductory statement, there are several tenses, moods and elements in Spanish that allow this to happen. There are, however, translations in English that do, sadly, lose the true value of the work. The subjunctive mood, a mood to clarify doubt and emotion in the speakers voicing to the audience, is the primary culprit behind the genre. Not to be confused with the conditional tense, the subjunctive contains several tenses within itself that are most predominant in works of Spanish-realism novels. The most prevalent would be the preterite-imperfect of the subjunctive. (Also referred to as the compl ex-past subjunctive) This tense within the subjunctive is completely hypothetical and can be exemplified, best in English, as â€Å"I would have done this if†¦.† This is, however, not an accurate description of the difference. Probably the most primary element of this is, ironically, the conditional clause towards the end of the predicate. With the above constraints, this genre is widely read and understood by intellectuals and people who study literature. It is widely agreed upon by the Royal Academy of the Spanish language, the governing body of the rules and structure of Spanish language and literature, that magical realism is a quintessential stepping stone to the Spanish language and should be treated as such. And, it should also be noted that this genre is by far one of the most â€Å"magical†. Magical Realism free essay sample A study of Magical Realism in Juan Rulfos Pedro Paramo and Gabriel Garcia-Marquezs Death Constant Beyond Love. The paper discusses how the use of Magical Realism, as a technique, in Pedro Paramo by Juan Rulfo and Death Constant Beyond Love by Gabriel-Garcia Marquez, is essentially one whereby elements of the unreal are inextricably woven into real life to question the difference, if any, between illusion and reality. The paper shows how the use of the technique is apparent in the overall story as well as in the way the principal protagonists are shown dealing with life. Similarly, in Death Constant Beyond Love, Gabriel Garca-Marquezs story of Senator Onesimo Sanchezs continual quest for life in the face of imminent death, the question of illusion and reality is highlighted through the Senators continued campaigning and his indulgence in an affair that ultimately causes his downfall. Was the Senator deluding himself with the only reality being death or was the Senator only continuing to live what had always been his reality as in the false make-believe world of politics and in fact, being realistic, by making most of the time he had left with Laura (he found the woman of his life: 2430) Thus, the lines between illusion and reality begin to blur depending on the perspective from which it is considered the Senators or the readers. We will write a custom essay sample on Magical Realism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

Managing and Feeding Lactating Dairy †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Managing and Feeding Lactating Dairy. Answer: Introduction: The study examines the UKCIP adaptation wizard Dairy Crest to establish the impacts of climate change on the sector. Dairy Crest is one of UKs leading companies that deal with the production, manufacturing and supply of milk products. The organization is listed amongst the most performing firms in the dairy products industry due to the number of brands, employees and annual net profits. Climate is an important factor when it comes to the progress of the field and changes might greatly influence Dairy Crest either in the positive or negative way. The present temperature factors influencing the sector should therefore be controlled to reduce any negative impacts that might result in the future (Christensen et.al 2013). The companys activities including the site developments and care for the animals, extraction and processing of the products, employee activities and the marketing and supply of the outputs greatly depend on climate. Getting Started How does Climate change affect the system? Cows purposefully kept for the production of milk are sensitive to the environmental temperatures which affects their yields in the long run. The animals are comfortable in cool areas with temperatures of below 70 degrees. The UK dairy industry is at risk due to the increased climatic changes that occur due to heavy industrial activities. Most manufacturing and processing companies are responsible for the increased emission of greenhouse gases. As (Capper, Cady Bauman 2009) explains, once these gases get to the atmosphere, they destroy the ozone layer which leads to sudden weather alterations. Unfavorable weather changes influence the growth of animal pastures and the existence of the dairy cows as well. Dairy Crest deals with the grooming of the livestock, processing and selling of the resulting products. All their activities can therefore be inconvenienced due to climate change as all these activities require specific temperatures for quality outcomes (Ethical Consumer 2015). Extremely hot temperatures will lead to stress and discomfort of the livestock which in turn reduces their milk production. That explains the reason for the construction of their structures which minimizes the amount of heat getting inside. The pasture growth will also be disadvantaged because of too much heat which might lead to poor quality of grass and legumes. Dairy Crest will alternatively spent a lot of resources on irrigation. Severe cold weather is also dangerous for the growth of dairy animals as they need direct sunrays at times during developments. This kind of weather leads to dump conditions around the animal breeding areas which is a contributing factor to diseases. The organization also has many employees both in the fields and offices to ensure all operations run as desired. In the cases of extreme weather changes, the staff members may not be able to effectively perform their duties which is a disadvantage to achieving the goals and objectives of the company. What are the desired achievements for the assessment? The main issue that requires attention for the study is climate change in the agricultural sector, specifically dairy farming. The increased industrialization affects livestock keeping in such a way that it might lead to the collapse of companies dealing with these products. Dairy Crest as the company in question covers a great part of the UK milk market. The main reason as to why the firm is doing well is because of favorable weather conditions which is turning to be a threat. The analysis seeks to address all the factors influencing climate and their impact on dairy activities. The situation is experiencing variations on a daily basis which is also a factor to consider. The illustration therefore aims at studying the possible future of climate change and the extremes to which it will influence agriculture. Dairy Crest might be doing so well at the moment but that situation might not be similar in the next few years. The report therefore illustrates the position of the company and the likely hood of change in any direction. Studying these issues related to natural environment requires time of investigation and observation which determines the kind of results at the end of the research. The report has therefore looked at the dairy sector in the UK ten years ago and the new advancements or problems that have emerged since then. The same analysis also focuses on predicting the future for the industry five years in the future and comparing the results. Climate change is the main focus of comparison as it keeps on changing depending on the kind of industrial activities occurring in the neighboring environment. What are difficulties faced and methods to overcome them? Dairy Crest as a leading company in the agricultural supply market does not always have it easy as many might think. They face a lot of challenges especially those connected to climatic changes and the natural environment in general. Their daily activities require favorable weather conditions to achieve their set goals and market expectations. Since they deal with both growing of pastures and keeping of the livestock, their risks are higher. The firm might end up losing in both fields which are interconnected and hence leading to reduce sales and animal count. The companys operations face the danger of reduced milk and fat production from the animals due to extreme weather conditions (Dunn et.al 2014). Technological advancements for cooling warming buildings play a great role in maintaining the appropriate room temperature that is required for proper breeding. When it comes to the outdoor environment, Dairy Crest risks the factors of soil erosion and damaging of pasture crops due to excess rains. The vice versa is also dangerous as hot climates might dry up the plants leading to future shortages. They apply conservation methods and irrigation to resolve these cases. Is my System Vulnerable to the Climate Change-680 2.1 How have previous weather changes affected my sector? Whether has greatly affected the operations of Dairy Crest and the whole milk production industry in the UK in the past. Reports show that sudden rainfalls, extreme hot temperatures and strong winds have reduced income received from the sector in an annual basis. Heavy rains destroy the animal feeds which are the major source of nutrients facilitating to the livestock production. The vast fields in Dairy crest were flooded making it difficult for the animals to walk around and feed on their own. They also damaged some of the weak animal structures which led to the deaths of a few and additional costs of repairs. Hot temperatures on the other hand are not effective for comfortable survival of the dairy cattle. The heat inside the structures and in the outdoor environment leads to stress for the animals which in turn leads to reduced milk outputs (Prathap et.al 2016). The animal feed growing suffered the most as lack of rains for long period led to poor quality pasture and dying up in some areas that could not be irrigated. Finally heavy winds that occurred in 2015 around the Dairy Crest fields led to a lot of damages both for the animals and the crops. Starting from the destruction of buildings, to plants, the situation forced the company to take steps against climate change. 2.2 How did my system deal with past weather events? Although the company was not able to fully protect their property, strong structures and technology inside the cattle houses were advanced to ensure for the continued production despite the weather. The animal houses were reconstructed using durable materials like concrete, graphite and steel replacing the previous bricks and wood. The offices occupied by different workers were also renovated to ensure for the safety of the employees in cases of heavy rains or strong winds. The field staff built contours and ditches top get rid of excess water that earlier on led to soil erosion. Heavy rains were therefore not that much damaging as the water did not flood the lands occupied by grass and animals as well (Patterson 2015). They also conserved the rain water which is now used during the droughts for drinking by the animals and also irrigating the crops. The sector also encouraged all the organizations and small scale farmers to adopt safe operations methods to take care of their livestock. The ministry of agriculture made power accessible to all farms and companies which in turn ensured that they can provide warming and cooling systems for their livestock. 2.3 What are the critical thresholds for my sector? Dairy farming is a critical sector when it comes to weather requirements and variations might lead to failure. Dairy Crest deals with livestock keeping as well as growing of the feeding grass which considered an advantage to their activities. It is however challenging as each of the two products require different climatic conditions and sudden changes might affect either of these. Cattle keeping require cool temperatures between the hot and cold climates to ensure for maximum milk outputs. It should not go below 20 degrees or above 70 which might not be case in a country like UK (Warner 2013). Their structures should be maintained at room temperature as it the place where the cattle spend most of their time. The pasture growing is however not as demanding in terms of climate as they can survive rainfall of up to 10,000ml (Oregon State University 2017). They can also thrive in considerably hot climates since most of these feeds maintain water for a long period including Napier grass. 2.4 Are there any unknowns that will influence the sector Once the company has considered the issues of weather and their influences to operations, they can expect to attain the highest returns. These are however factors that might threaten the industry like occurrences of diseases which are not influenced by climate (Nardone et.al 2010). These diseases might be because of the breed type of the cattle and spread quickly due to the numbers. The company should therefore make their veterinary services more often and improve their livestock grades. How will my system be affected by future climate change-680 3.1 How is Climate expected to change? There is continued increase of industrial activities all around the world, making greenhouse gas emissions a great threat to agriculture. In the UK and Australia, the situation is expected to remain the same as industrialization has spread in all the regions. There is the possibility of sudden weather shifts caused by the damaged ozone layer (Schlenker, Hanemann Fisher 2006). It might even get to a time where the extents of global warming lead to abnormal temperature escalations which completely hinders the possibility dairy farming (McMichael et.al 2007). The firm should also make arrangements to deal with such situations by first reducing the types of pollutants they release to the natural environment. 3.3 Are there indirect climate impacts that need to be considered? Climate does not always have to directly affect the animals and pasture to make an impact in the sector. The adverse variations in rainfall, sunshine and wind might be inappropriate for the workers especially those working in the fields (Barnes Toma 2012). They will end up performing poorly in their daily duties which in turn affects the companys outputs. Human resource is an important department which enables for the progress of other activities because all activities require human labor. 3.4 What risks do these climate impacts present? The greatest risk of climate change is that it can damage the progress of any agricultrual acitities. It comes hand in hand with global warming which is an issue that threatens all human, animal and plant existence. For example, life is thretened during heavy rainfalls or extremely hot weathers as survival of all living organisms require balanced temperatures. Dairy Crest involves takinmg care of the animals, crops and humans around the enviroenemnt (Uga Extension 2017). The three operate similary in their ways of adaptiong to change of the weather and any irregulatieies will have a negative impact to them. 3.5 Will climate risks be more or less important than others for my systems? There are many factors that might influence the dairy farming industry in both the positive and negative ways. However, climate has the biggest effect as nature and agriculture are interdependent. The best way to ensure that there is a successful experience in the sector is by controlling the temperatures by constructing the appropriate structures for the animals and plants as well (Lesschen et.al 2011) The climatic variation over time influences type of activities that can take place in the company and determine the success or failure in these activities. 3.6 What are the priority risks that need and adaptation response Some of the major risks in need of a quick fix may include unfavorable and uncomfortable weather conditions that make it difficult for the survival of living creatures. The threat to the damage of the ozone layer and increased global warming are also common in the heavy industrial society (Gill, Smith Wilkinson 2010). With more of these, then there are no activities that can progress successfully especially in the area under focus. Identify, Assess and Implement your adaptation options-680 4.1 Identify a range of adaptation options With every problem, there must be ways to adapt to the situation and survive even in the worst conditions ever. The agricultural sector can make changes in their operations to keep on making progress in the changing climate environments (Yano, Shimadzu Endo 2014). Some of these options include reducing the pollutants that they release to the environment as it affects their activities. During the keeping of animals or crops, it might be beneficial to reduce the amount of chemicals used in treating diseases and many others. The sector can also adopt the much improved breeds that ensure for the comfortable adaptation of tough climatic variations (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2014). 4.2 Identify your adaptation options Dairy Crest deals with sensitive animals that require specific temperatures to effectively develop and produce as well. The company can therefore purchase animal genes that are adaptive to all weather conditions with much comforts. Most of these breeds can be found in Netherlands whereby dairy farming is the core of the economy (Paerl Paul 2012). These livestock are easier to maintain and can deal with diseases and temperature changes without having to reduce their milk outputs. Finally the company should consider trying out forestry in their fields as it seems to have less trees. Forests help reduce soil erosion by holding soil particles together which will be of a benefit to the growing of pasture. They also reduce the strength of winds which have a damaging impact on the crops, animal structures and the comfort of the livestock as well (Rojas et.al 2017). From the picture shown above, more trees are needed to provide shelter, act as windbreakers and also attract rainfall. 4.3 Factors to consider while evaluating options These options should consider the factors of cost and space since there might a limitation of both. Aquiring higher quality breeds of cattle require resources to ensure that you get the best animals and achieve the desired results (Dairy Guy 2016). Such like a move might leave the company deprived of funds and unable to conduct other crucial activities. It is therefore good to ensure that the firm has the ability to improve their breeds with less impacts on its internal and external operations. Planting trees requires space as the activity should not block the animal structures from accessing direct sunrays. The company should also consider having a vast land for the animals to feed outdoor with protection from the forest (Bindi Olesen 2011). It is therefore important to ensure that the company plans its landscapes to incorporate trees and still balance with the keeping of the animals. 4.5 When should this assessment be reviewed The assessment should be reviewed every time there is need to find out more about climate change and its influence to dairy farming. The analysis describes in details the different weather conditions and their impacts to the sector and options that can be used to adapt these situations (Stocker 2014). It is however a guide for future reference to establish the position of Dairy Crest in the past and the changes they have made since then. Therefore, the document is a crucial piece of information in the present and the future. References Barnes, A.P. and Toma, L., 2012. A typology of dairy farmer perceptions towards climate change. Climatic Change, 112(2), pp.507-522. Bindi, M., Olesen, J. E., 2011. The responses of agriculture in Europe to climate change. Regional Environmental Change, 11(1), 151-158. Capper, J. L., Cady, R. A., Bauman, D. E., 2009. The environmental impact of dairy production: 1944 compared with 2007. Journal of animal science, 87(6), 2160-2167. Christensen, J. H., Kanikicharla, K. K., Marshall, G., Turner, J., 2013. Climate phenomena and their relevance for future regional climate change. Dunn, R. J., Mead, N. E., Willett, K. M., Parker, D. E., 2014. Analysis of heat stress in UK dairy cattle and impact on milk yields. Environmental research letters, 9(6), 064006. Dairy Guy, 2016 Breeds of Dairy Cattle. Retrieved on Nov 12th 2017 from https://www.dairymoos.com/breeds-of-dairy-cattle/ Ethical Consumer, 2015, Dairy Crest Group plc - Climate Change; Retrieved on Nov 12th 2017 from https://www.birminghampost.co.uk/business/commercial-property/birchall-sets-temperature-new-dairy-3946242 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2014. Climate Change 2014Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Regional Aspects. Cambridge University Press. Lesschen, J. P., Van den Berg, M., Westhoek, H. J., Witzke, H. P., Oenema, O., 2011. Greenhouse gas emission profiles of European livestock sectors. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 166, 16-28. McMichael, A. J., Powles, J. W., Butler, C. D., Uauy, R., 2007. Food, livestock production, energy, climate change, and health. The lancet, 370(9594), 1253-1263. Gill, M., Smith, P., Wilkinson, J. M., 2010. Mitigating climate change: the role of domestic livestock. animal, 4(3), 323-333. Nardone, A., Ronchi, B., Lacetera, N., Ranieri, M. S., Bernabucci, U.,2010. Effects of climate changes on animal production and sustainability of livestock systems. Livestock Science, 130(1), 57-69. Oregon State University, 2017. Discuss the Basics of Grass Growth. Retrieved on Nov 12th 2017 from https://forages.oregonstate.edu/nfgc/eo/onlineforagecurriculum/instructormaterials/availabletopics/management/growth Paerl, H. W., Paul, V. J., 2012. Climate change: links to global expansion of harmful cyanobacteria. Water research, 46(5), 1349-1363. Patterson B., 2015. Australias Farmers challenged by Climate Change. Retrieved from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/australia-s-farmers-challenged-by-climate-change/ Prathap P., Archana P.R., Aleena J., Sejian V., 2016 Heat Stress and Dairy Cow: Impact on Both Milk Yield and Composition Rojas-Downing, M. M., Nejadhashemi, A. P., Harrigan, T., Woznicki, S. A., 2017. Climate change and livestock: impacts, adaptation, and mitigation. Climate Risk Management. Schlenker, W., Hanemann, W. M., Fisher, A. C., 2006. The impact of global warming on US agriculture: an econometric analysis of optimal growing conditions. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 88(1), 113-125. Stocker, T. (Ed.), 2014. Climate change 2013: the physical science basis: Working Group I contribution to the Fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press. Uga Extension, 2017. Managing and Feeding Lactating Dairy Cows in Hot Weather. Retrieved from https://extension.uga.edu/publications/detail.html?number=B956 Warner D., 2013. Keeping cows cool critical to dairy industry as climate warms. Retrieved on Nov 12th 2017 from https://www.pennlive.com/midstate/index.ssf/2013/04/keeping_cows_cool_critical_to.html Yano, M., Shimadzu, H., Endo, T., 2014. Modelling temperature effects on milk production: a study on Holstein cows at a Japanese farm. SpringerPlus, 3(1), 129.

I loved it. I loved it Review Essay Example

I loved it. I loved it Review Paper Essay on I loved it. I loved it In a series of next weekend, I wanted to read something nice light. Finely woven story with no beginning and no end. Piercingly sad, but at the same time a beautiful book about love. Among the truly broad-based range of products, my choice fell on the book by Anna Gavalda I loved her. I loved him. And just say, that work not only coincided with my wishes, but also surpassed them. But first things first. If you start your analysis directly from the text, as such, all the structural parts are connected to each other is quite logical. Each subsequent description smoothly follows from the previous one. In this book, two stories are closely intertwined.  «I loved her. History of Pierre and Mathilde. Drama-long five years and seven months. Rare, but at the same time, such a long-awaited meeting, and sweet are becoming a kind of measure of the time of calculation of the pair. Their whole life evolved from one date to the expectations of others. They both try on a mask of indifferent lovers, carefully hiding behind them their true feelings and emotions. As a result, there were only memories of the old cynic Pierre, and for failing to catch your luck tail or because of fear of change, whether because it was only a fleeting fragment of his life. Fragment, which he was never able to forget. We will write a custom essay sample on I loved it. I loved it Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on I loved it. I loved it Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on I loved it. I loved it Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer  «I loved him. History Chloe and Adriana. The same drama, but played in completely different way. This is the story breaking, after many years of marriage. Quiet end of love, because of the lack of understanding among the partners. This is the story of Chloe. Dedicated to her spiritual experiences. Her attempts to survive such a logical, but at the same time a sudden break with the spouse. Her desire rather leave this piece of life in the past and start a new chapter of his life. 2 stories of love, representing the most acute and sometimes carefully hidden in society faces of this feeling. This is a novel about adultery. Of those who remain and those who leave. On the choice, and the consequences of that choice. The book is maintained in the company easily, but at the same time deep Gavalda style. And, despite the fact that the readers of this novel sometimes is referred to the failed category, I would say the opposite. He is in their own interest, and its worth to read it.

Growing and Caring for Norfolk Island Pine

Growing and Caring for Norfolk Island Pine Araucaria heterophylla, or Norfolk Island pine or Australian pine, is a southern hemisphere conifer native to the Norfolk Islands and Australia. Technically, its not a real pine. Norfolk Island Pine is one of the few conifers able to adapt to inside the home and is able to tolerate relatively low light levels. In its native habitat, this tree may reach 200 feet in height with 15-pound cones. The tree will grow outside in the United States but only in the semi-tropics of Florida. Specifics Scientific name: Araucaria heterophyllaPronunciation: air-ah-KAIR-ee-uh het-er-oh-FILL-uhCommon name(s): Norfolk Island Pine, Australian PineFamily: AraucariaceaeUSDA hardiness zones: South tip of Florida and California, zone 11Origin: not native to North AmericaUses: specimen, house plantAvailability: generally available in many areas within its hardiness range - especially during Christmas holidays. Pruning As Norfolk pine grows upward, the trunk thickens and the pine limbs increase in size. You should never cut their growing tips off and only rarely trim side branches for balance. A symmetrical look can be maintained by turning the plant regularly toward the sun. The lower branches and limbs tend to shed dry, brown needles when dehydrated and need pruning. The dry needles will not come back nor will lower limbs. These drying needles and dying limbs suggest drying out so follow watering instructions. The only maintenance pruning to be done is the removal of dead lower branches. Comments From Experts Extension Nursery Specialist Dr. Leonard Perry: If you want to invest in a houseplant with a future, buy a Norfolk Island pine. It requires minimal care, and because it grows slowly will remain small and attractive for many years indoors. Horticulturist Rosie Lerner: The Norfolk Island pine has grown in popularity as a live indoor Christmas tree. Its lush green twigs of soft needles provide a lovely backdrop for festive holiday ornaments. Moisture Norfolk pines have distinctively flat, whorled snow-flake like branches and short soft needles. They enjoy humid environments. As they age, and with the lack of humidity, the needles along the trunk will fall off. Mist spraying and a rocky moisture bed can increase humidity but never leave moisture around the roots. Just like under-watering, too much water will result in sporadic bright yellow needle clusters that come off very easily and dont come back. Check to make sure the plant is not standing in lots of water. It is actually inhibiting root water uptake, increasing root rot and, like lack of moisture is not good. These plants do best with consistency so stay on a weekly watering schedule - not too much and not too little h2o. You can get by with less during the dormant winter months. Fertilization Norfolk Island pines dont require frequent fertilization but when you do, use only at half the normal recommended rate. You can also use any complete soluble fertilizer including liquid foliar plant food applied as a mist for enhanced foliage response. Fertilize older plants every three to four months and repotted or newly purchased plants every four to six months. Try to limit the times you move your tree to a  new container as they have a weak root system which can be harmed by rough movement.  Norfolk Island pines need only be repotted every three to four years using a commercially available potting mixture. Culture Light requirement: tree grows in full sunSoil tolerances: clay; loam; sand; acidic; alkaline; well-drainedDrought tolerance: highAerosol salt tolerance: moderateSoil salt tolerance: good In Depth Although Norfolk pines provide some shade, they are not suitable for patios or terraces because they are too large and large surface roots are common. Obviously, this only applies to people growing the tree in south Florida. For the rest of us, moving a potted tree outside to partially shaded sun through spring and summer is a good thing. Many people forget how tall these trees grow. They often have an attractive pyramidal form (like a fir or spruce tree) when they are small, but they quickly grow too tall for most residential sites. They can live as a houseplant for a long time if not over-watered but rarely grow more than 5 or 6 feet tall. Growing best in full sun locations, this tree thrives on a variety of soils and is moderately salt tolerant. Young plants should be watered well, especially during periods of drought. Be sure to prune out multiple trunks or leaders as they should be grown with one central leader.​​ Propagation is by seeds or cuttings of erect shoot tips only.

Hedging Oil Consumption Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Hedging Oil Consumption - Essay Example There are other inherent risks associated with business such as currency fluctuations, volatility of crude oil prices and so on. In order to reduce exposure to volatility in the market, many participants prefer hedging strategies using derivatives. A derivative is a financial instrument which derives its value from the underlying asset. One of the hedging strategies alternatives that are available to the market participants is by using futures derivative. The main purpose of futures markets is to minimise uncertainty in transactions and hence reduce risk. The basic objective of futures market is to hedge the associated risk by taking such a position so as to neutralize possibility of risk as far practicable. A futures contact is a standard contract between two market participants to buy or sell a specific asset of standard quality, quantity for a given price agreed upon on the date of contract (also known as strike price) with payment and delivery occurring at maturity date. The cont racts are standard in the sense that quantity, quality, price, strike price, delivery date, initial margin, marking to market, etc. are done via intermediary and not directly negotiated between parties involved in transaction. Hence, the refinery may enter into futures contract with its customers giving them the opportunity to purchase oil at current prices at a later date in future. In this way even if the prices of oil rises in future, the refinery would not require to pass on the higher costs to their customers (CME, 2006, pp.49-53). After discussing the concept of futures, it is now important to illustrate how futures might help the US Gulf refinery to hedge risk. There are two different methods of hedging namely short hedge and long hedge. A short hedge is suitable when the hedger owns the asset (as in this case) and expects it to sell at some time in future. Thus, the oil refinery may take short position in futures contract. A long hedge on the other hand involves taking the l ong position (buy at later date). This strategy is suitable when the hedger (in this case customer) knows that it will have to purchase a particular asset in future but would like to purchase at current price. In both the strategies payment and deliver occurs at maturity of contact which is usually three months. To further illustrate these strategies in details, consider the following example: Assuming that on June 13 (present) the oil refinery has taken a short position by negotiating a contract to sell 1 million barrels of crude oil. It is also agreed that the price applicable in the contract will be on the market price of September 13. So, for each 1% rise, the producer will gain $10,000 and similarly for each 1% decline in price refinery will lose $10,000. The standard futures contract on CME platform is 1,000 US barrels (or 42,000 gallons), hence the company can hedge exposure by shorting 1,000 September futures contracts. If the last trading close price was $90 per barrel, str ike price is $85 and assuming that price per barrel in September is actually $80, then per barrel gain of the oil refinery would be $5 (since, $85 - $80). This means the total gains for entire contract would be $5000 ($5 x 1000). Using the above example the long hedge strategy can be explained as

Ethical dilemmas teachers face Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Ethical dilemmas teachers face - Research Paper Example Every lecture needs to be prepared at least one day in advance. It is far more complicated for the teachers to check the homework they give the students than for the students to do it. Each student has to bear his/her own load but the teacher has to bear the load of the whole class. In addition to that, the teacher has to take exams, check the papers and grade them. To top it all, contemporary educational setup is far more complicated than it ever was. There has occurred advancement in syllabus with the emergence of new subjects and research. The class has become more and more multicultural in terms of the ethnic origin of students. Consequently, ethical dilemmas for teachers have both increased in the level of complexity and number. â€Å"There is no single code of ethics in pluralistic societies† (Aksoy, 1999). Every day, a teacher gets into so many situations that require him to make a very important decision without the existence of a single code of ethics that he/she can follow. This paper discusses some of many ethical dilemmas that teachers all over the world face. The teachers interviewed shared their experiences and told how they tackled the situations and provide rationale for the choices they made. 1. Intervention in student’s personal life A teacher faces an ethical dilemma deciding the limits to which he/she can intervene in the personal life of a student (Kristian, 2011). This interview was from Mr. Brown who has been working as a private high school teacher for over ten years. This paragraph summarizes Mr. Brown’s account of the ethical dilemma he encountered in the school. Charles was a very active boy. His participation in the lectures was marvelous. He always did his homework on time. He had the capability to assist other students in understanding intricate concepts. He had wonderful teaching skills. When I had a question for the whole class, he would be the first to volunteer and solve the question for the whole class. One thing that was particular of Charles was that he would never miss the class. He had not been absent for a single day in his three years in the school. Then one day, Charles did not come. The following day, he was absent too. All the teachers and particularly I were very concerned about him. The school principal called him at the home number but nobody attended the call. The third day, Charles came. After the class, I asked him if everything was alright. That was when Charles told me that his step-father had physically abused him. He further told me that he wanted to shift over to his dad’s place, but his mom wouldn’t allow that because his dad had divorced her. I consoled him like I would my own son, but I knew there was not much I could do to pull him out of those problems since I was his teacher. Charles was emotionally close to me and considered me eligible to confide his secrets in. I told him to see me after the class whenever he felt like, and he did start to discuss his home issues with me frequently. I believe that â€Å"[e]ffective teachers often draw more openness from their students† (Reid and Stringer, 1997). But gradually I realized that he had become a little too dependent upon me, and would take my pieces of advice seriously. Al though I tried my best to give him the most rational advice, yet after all I was a teacher, not a counselor or a psychiatrist. I was worried that if I intervened inappropriately, that could not only put his academic career on stake, but also damage his personality. On one side, I would make him more upset if I refused to see and listen to him. On the other side, I assumed responsibility for any consequences that he might see if he followed my advice, and it led him to the wrong point. â€Å"

Analyze the Pros and Cons of the use of CHIP Research Paper

Analyze the Pros and Cons of the use of CHIP - Research Paper Example The chip is approximately 2 mm in size and it consists of essential information in the form of codes which can be decoded through special devices (Foster 2007). The chip truly represents a form of invention which can prove to be beneficial for the medical field but many objections have been raised with regard to the usage of these chips. The chip is known to have many benefits but there are many disadvantages of this technology as well. The utilization of computerized chips for humans was approved in the United States in the year 2004 by the Food and Drug Administration. The only chip which is allowed to be used in the country is the VeriChip manufactured by the Applied Digital Solutions of Delray Beach, Fla. The chip is introduced in the human body mainly in the arm through a technique which is accomplished in merely 20 minutes and is not very invasive. The chip can be detected at a range of 30 feet. A few health insurance companies have started the provision of these chips for pati ents who have serious illnesses. Though this technology has been new to the field of human medicine, it has been a part of the veterinary practice and it has been implanted in animals for over the past 2 decades. These chips were inserted in animals and it has been analyzed that one million animals in the United States have these chips inserted (Ahuja 2006; Associated Press 2004). The chips can prove to have many advantages to the field of medicine. It has been highlighted that chips will reduce the burden of the paper work that is required for keeping medical records. The insertion of the chips will keep the data of the patients stored for extended periods which may be retrieved whenever needed. Information that the patient may tend to forget may also be revealed through these chips. The maximum benefit of these chips may be for people who enter the hospitals in unconscious states and are not able to reveal essential medical information. This may be retrieved directly through the m edical chips and they can be treated according to their physical health. This would lead to avoid major complications which may result otherwise. It can also be very helpful for patients with illness like Alzheimer’s disease (Associated Press 2007; Foster 2007). The chips have been advocated for by many medical experts but many negative issues with regard to these chips have been revealed. It has been highlighted that the usage of chips has been connected to the causation of cancer. This has been revealed in a few animal studies. This raised questions with regard to the chips and it was seen that these chips might bring more harm to people than benefits. But this point was argued against by a few experts who believed that this risk was higher in animals but humans were not at risk (Feder 2007). Other disadvantages of the chips have also been highlighted. This includes the fact that the chips can serve to be intruders of the privacy of the individuals and there have been quest ions that these chips may tend to reveal personal information of individuals and hence deviate from their true purpose. The chips are also expensive and range to an amount of 150 to 200 dollars which may not be affordable for every person. Another disadvantage is that the codes on the chips may be decoded by hackers who may disrupt the personal information and medical information stored on the chips. They may gain access to personal informat

Comparison of Chicken Feed Effects on Development

Comparison of Chicken Feed Effects on Development All six significant domesticated agricultural animals today chicken, cow, goat, horse, pig and sheep had been domesticated in Eurasia by 5000 BP. (Thompson, 2002) The earliest evidence of domestication of chickens relies on interpretation of archaeological discoveries of bones and artefacts. (Crawford, 2003) Archaeological discoveries in China indicate that chickens had been domesticated by 5400 B.C. (Crawford, 2003) People of Cishan Culture (Neolithic Yellow River culture in northern China) had chickens then, but it is not known whether these birds made much contribution to modern domestic fowl. (Crawford, 2003) The jungle fowl (G. gallus), has without a doubt been a major contributor to domestic fowl (Crawford, 2003). The chicken (Gallus, gallus or Gallus domesticus) is generally considered to have evolved from the jungle fowl (G. gallus). (Kennth Kriemhild, 2000) The jungle fowl (G. gallus) ranges throughout the area between eastern India and Java. (Kennth Kriemhild, 2000) There are four key steps to domesticating poultry which were that in early stages of domestication poultry had to forage on their own. (Crawford, 2003) They had to be able to reproduce in captivity (Crawford 2003) the ability to imprint was important in initial taming. (Crawford 2003) and the species had to have a social order that allowed the keeping of large numbers of individuals. (Crawford, 2003) The main role of chickens now is to produce eggs and meet for the market. In 2004/2005 the gross value of production in Australia for the chicken meat and egg industries was estimated at approximately $1.3 billion. (Department of Primary Industries, 2008) Poultry meat is now the most consumed meat in Australia. . (Department of Primary Industries, 2008) Although chickens are strongly associated with egg production, they also have very different associations. (Kennth Kriemhild, 2000) In much of Southeast and East Asia they have been bred both for fighting and as a decoration. (Kennth Kriemhild, 2000) There are four different types of poultry enterprises: broilers (production of chicken for meat), layers (birds producing table eggs), rearing farms (production of point of lay pullets) and breeder farms. (Department of Primary Industries, 2008) The layout of the shed and type of housing differs between the types of poultry operation. (Department of Primary Industries, 2008) The aims of this experiment are to monitor and assess the development of chickens on different feeds using a feed conversion ratio, and to observe and describe their physical and behavioural development over time. On appointed days chickens were to be fed and given water on a daily basis. Excess foods were weighed and recorded so ratios could be calculated and obtained. Chickens were weighed on a weekly basis, on Wednesdays, so that the calculation of growth rate could be put monitored and observed. Along with this observations were made of chickens on various days, if not everyday for behavioural studying purposes. It was hypothesised that chickens fed on broiler feed would have a greater weight gain than chickens fed on layer feed over the 5 week period. METHODS The chickens were obtained from a poultry farm known officially as Wagners Poultry Enterprises. The chickens given were White Leghorn cross New Hampshire at the age of one or two days old. The chickens were divided into groups of six and student groups of approximately sixteen students were assigned to one group of chickens each. Chickens were placed in pens and in turn students were assigned to the pens where the chickens were kept through out the five week duration. The chickens pens located at La Trobe Universitys Agricultural Reserved housed a total of twelve chicken pens. The type of feed given to the chickens was decided by the group number the pen was given. Groups assigned to even number pens were to feed their chickens broiler feed, brand named Brastoc Turkey and Meat Chicken Starter, and odd numbered pens were to feed their chickens layer feed, Barastoc Pullet Starter. The pens were isolated, self-contained and about 1 x 1 x 2 m in size. The floor of the pens was concrete which was covered in black lining and contained a sawdust base. The top of the pen had a plastic mesh over it to prevent escape. The chickens were provided with heat lamps, feeders and water dispensers all attached to a chain and hooked to a pole above the mesh. The feeders and water dispensers along with the heat lamps were adjusted in accordance with the chickens age. Observations were carried out as much as possible, sometimes even twice in the one day, but generally all days except Tuesday was observed in accordance with the students university timetable and their availability. The duration of the observations under went intervals of fifteen minutes, where all aspects of behaviour and development were documented. Observations were done under the least amount of outside influence as possible, in respect to this only two students were allowed in the shed where the chicken pens were being kept and students were encouraged to keep noise to a minimum. As the weeks went on chickens behaviour that was recorded included those such as grooming, resting, drinking, interacting, alarming, ambulatory and aggressive. Above all the behavioural and developing attributes the hierarchy if any of chicken formation was also documented. All observations were recorded and documented into a plain exercise book by each student of the group, with clear indication of whom the observations were done by. Chickens were feed every second day, Monday, Wednesday and Friday, with enough food given on each day to last the chickens for days not fed and on Fridays for the weekend. Initially a total of 240g were placed in the feed dispensers to accommodate the 20g required for each individual chicken and to compensate for the day the chickens would not be fed. The amount given to the chickens on feeding days was adjusted to accommodate for their growth further along in the project. Along with accommodating for the size of chickens the amount of feed to be given to chickens in further weeks was also based upon amount of feed offered and refused, all of which was weighed and kept a record of. Food was weighed on an electric scale in a container provided. The amount of food given and refused was always recorded on a sheet given to us indicating the date and feed given and refused. The sheet was stored along with our observation book, hooked onto a nail on the outside of the allocated chicken pen. Chickens were checked on a daily basis and were given fresh water daily if needed, except for weekends, providing the chickens with fresh drinking water. Replenishment of water was recorded alongside on the same sheet of paper where the feed record was being kept. Table 1. A timetable showing jobs carried out each day over the 5 week period Monday Feed, water check and observations Tuesday Water and chicken check Wednesday Feeding, weighing, water check and observations Thursday Observation, chicken and water check Friday Food, water and observation RESULTS Table 2. Composition of feeds Composition:Â  Crude Protein (minimum) (%) Layer feed:Â  19.5 Broiler feed:Â  22 Composition:Â  Crude Fat (minimum) (%) Layer feed:Â  2.5 Broiler feed:Â  2.5 Composition:Â  Crude Fibre (minimum) (%) Layer feed:Â  6 Broiler feed:Â  5 Composition:Â  Salt (maximum added) (%) Layer feed:Â  0.3 Broiler feed:Â  0.3 Composition:Â  Copper (added) (mg/kg) Layer feed:Â  0.8 Broiler feed:Â  8 Composition:Â  Selenium (added) (mg/kg) Layer feed:Â  0.1 Broiler feed:Â  0.3 Composition:Â  Calcium (minimum) (%) Layer feed:Â  1 Broiler feed:Â  1 Table 2. Shows that layer and broiler feed had the same amount of crude fat, salt and calcium. Broiler feed has more crude protein, copper and selenium than layer feed, whereas Layer feed has more crude fibre than broiler feed. DISCUSSION The results support the hypothesis that chickens fed on broiler feed would have a greater weight gain than chickens fed on layer feed over the 5 week period, as table 3 and figure. 1 show that chickens fed broiler feed had a higher average weight gain then chickens fed on layer feed. The aims of this experiment to monitor and assess the development of chickens were carried out over the five weeks and observations were made describing their physical and behavioural development over time. The experiment was carried out on chickens with different feeds and a feed conversion ratio was calculated. We also provided the chickens with clean drinking water, sufficient food amounts of food according to their age and feed refusal and a suitable environment in which they could grow and develop certain behaviours. The broiler chickens had a higher growth rate, as shown by table 3 and fig. 1. By the end of the 5 weeks, the broiler chickens reached a live-weight of 467 ÂÂ ± 58 where as chickens who consumed the layer feed for the duration of the experiment reached a live-weight of 429 ÂÂ ± 61. The difference between the growth rates of the broiler and layer chickens is closely related to live-weight. Through out the process, beginning in week one, chickens being fed broiler as opposed to layer maintained a higher growth ratio and remained heavier that the chickens being fed the layer product. In respect to this broiler chickens are capable of higher growth rates and greater weight gain than layer chickens. In the poultry industry, broiler chickens are selected for their carcass processing characteristics and meat density, whereas layer chickens are genetically bred to achieve smaller body weights than those of the broilers (Department of Primary Industries, 2009). Another factor of the growth and weight gain in chickens could also be the composition of the feeds. As seen in table 2 the broiler feed contained 2.5% more crude protein, 7.2 mg/kg more copper and 0.2 mg/kg more selenium than the layer feed. All these factors couldve influenced the growth in chickens and could be why chickens fed broiler feed would gain more live-weight as well as maintain a higher growth ratio. The increase in growth rate found within broiler chickens has been found to be linked to an increase in the deposit of fats and the use of energy. (Geraert et al 2006) All ingredients fond within the chickens feed contributes some part to their growth and weight gain. Coppers influence on health and growth within a chicken is present as the antimicrobial properties found within Cooper help to improve an animals performance such as; increase growth in poultry, improved growth rate, feed intake and feed efficiency (Forbes Shariamatdari 1993). Crude protein also influences the diet energy of a chicken when they are still young (Hayashi et al 2000) as well as their metabolic ability. (Hayashi et al 2000) From the experiment as show in table 4, it shown that broiler chickens have a slightly better feed conversion ratio of 1.5 ÂÂ ± 0.129 g but also maintain a higher feed intake 3889 ÂÂ ± 534 g than that of layer chickens, whose feed conversion ratio is similar to that of the broiler chickens at 1.52 ÂÂ ± 0.051 g and less of a feed intake at 3549 ÂÂ ± 247 g. Calcium levels also differ between that of the layer and broiler feeds. Layer feed has 0.5% more calcium than broiler feed. Calcium ratio plays a vital role in the quality of an egg produced, (Department of Primary Industries) As the chickens grew and developed more, so too did their behavioural characteristics. To begin with the chicks were hardly active at all being under the heated lamp majority of the time, however after a fortnight the chickens activity level was significantly higher, showing signs of flapping wings and a lot more running around within the pen. This behaviour of flapping of the wings is a mechanism known as break used by chickens. (Rogers 2006) Within the second week it was observed that chickens were preening one another, this type of behaviour was commenced whilst the chickens were flocked together in a group always near a wall. Preening aids in the removal of lice and is done using the beak (Gush 2006). As the chickens progressed with age in the 4th week a lot of the time was spent sitting perched up above the food and water dispensers. This type of behaviour is normal and is to be expected after four weeks of age. (Rogers 2006) Through out the five week period and supported by table 6 interactions was the most common behaviour during the experiment. Among these interactions were behaviours such as pecking and scratching, which were major contributors to the interaction database. The behavioural interaction of pecking and scratching are present during all ages of a chicken (Rogers 2006) and are the major ways in which chickens interact and assimilate with their surroundings. (Gush 2006) Through out the 5 week period no formal hierarchical establishment appeared to be present. However there was the mild sign of aggression where chickens would kick at each other within the third week but this type of behaviour was rare and unseen after later dates. A hierarchy within chickens is not formed up until about the sixth week or onwards within domestic chickens (Rogers 2006) and thus no aggressive behaviour was present either as aggression is derived from the sequence of the hierarchy. (Rogers 2006) It was found that roosters were among the chickens which were handed out to us. Roosters in general like male and female humans tend to be heavier than that of their female counter. The inclusion of roosters within the results could be erroneous to the over all weight gain results. This experiment could be improved by regulating the gender of the two strains of chickens being introduced to the artificial environment thus giving more accurate and reliable end results and will nullify the problem of genetic variability.

3g :: essays research papers

Verizon Wireless at the show launched Vcast, a consumer-focused multimedia service that will run on its 3G EvDO network. Vcast will let consumers access video, games and music on 3G handsets. Among the new, so-called next- generation phones touted at the show was Samsung's i730 handset, which supports 3G 1xEvDO data. Packed into the device, which runs Windows Mobile 2003 Second Edition for Pocket PC, is a slide-out QWERTY keyboard, 64MB of RAM for applications and an SDIO (SD input/output) memory card slot for expansion, built-in Wi-Fi and Bluetooth connectivity, a 2.8-inch QVGA 65K color display, and a speakerphone. The i730 will ship in the first quarter from Verizon, said sources. Pricing is not yet available. Also at the show, BenQ America Corp. showcased its forthcoming PalmOne Inc. Treo look-alike, the BenQ P50 Pocket PC smart phone. The quadband GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) phone has built-in Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, a 2.8-inch color screen, a 1.3-megapixel camera, a built-in keypad, 64MB of memory and an SDIO expansion slot, and a speakerphone. The P50 will ship next quarter. Pricing and carrier have not yet been determined. New 3G phones weren't the only gadgets on display at the CES that could prove compelling to business users. Another new Samsung phone, the SPH-A800, includes a 2-megapixel camera and scanner capabilities that let a user scan a business card and automatically upload contact information to the phone. The SPH-A800 will be offered from Sprint this quarter. Pricing is not yet available. Samsung at the show also unveiled a handset for users who like the nonintrusiveness of sending text messages but abhor the tediousness of keying in messages. The p207 lets users verbally address, compose and send SMS (Short Message Service) messages or e-mail. The p207 is due in March through Cingular Wireless. Pricing is not yet available. Mobile business professionals got a glimpse into their future last week at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, where faster third-generation networks—and the gear designed to work with them—suggested a world of fewer dropped calls, improved Internet access, better image quality and lower prices. ADVERTISEMENT To fulfill such promises, carriers will be making significant improvements to their networks in the coming year. Verizon Wireless at the show announced it was expanding its 3G EvDO (Evolution Data Optimized) network to 12 more cities, with plans to further extend the network this year to cover 150 million users.

Personal Action Plan Essay

As soon as I graduate from high school I plan on contacting my closest Navy Recruiter and getting on the preliminary work done that is needed. After the preliminary work is done, I plan on enlisting for four year under the â€Å"EOD Challenge Program†. It’s going to be a huge decision that’s going to affect my entire life. The program itself will challenge me on all aspects of the spectrum. This is exactly what I expected when I decided to pursue a job in the military, but that does not distract from the milestone in my life that this will represent. After enlistment, I will then be assigned a ship out date where I will begin the Navy recruit training. If I complete the training I will be put into a physical screening test and will be interviewed by an EOD motivator. If I pass both of those, I must then pass a diving physical. Now I plan on passing because in the mean time before I even enlist I will be in great physical shape, which should be my only hurdle in this part of the process. Once I have passed all of these requirements, I then start EOD Schooling. EOD Schooling is broken down into three schools and one course. All which must be completed in order to be an EOD. These consist of an EOD Dive school, an EOD Technician school, a Basic Airborne school, and an EOD Tactical Training course. Each class is rigorous and will teach me a different skill needed for the specialty job of being an EOD. Once I have finished all schooling, I am then assigned to an operational EOD mobile unit which I will be expected to report to for active duty. Now if all these steps are fulfilled and I do become and active duty EOD in the Navy, then I will finish out my tour, and get back to my family. I plan on taking a short hiatus before re-enlisting and starting another tour. After the second tour I plan on joining the Army Reserves, so that I am able to have a military retirement in later years to come. This will allow me to have gained immense amounts of life experience and incredible amounts of knowledge. This will also give me amazing benefits and pay, while setting me up for military retirement. I will then be able to live my life. Now if this plan does somehow fail. I will be attending either Sierra College or Butte College in order to get my remedial done and get my solar panel certification. After two years I will be able to install solar panels and I will then switch to either UNR or Chico State. There are several majors I had in mind. Two of the biggest majors I had in mind being in either Political Science, or Economics. I am no worried about what will happen only because I have a back up plan like I have explained. This piece of paper holds my hopes and dreams, and this is my personal action plan.

How to Create Quick Chapter Outlines for School

How to Create Quick Chapter Outlines for School When you read a chapter in a textbook from beginning to end, it’s easy to get swept away in a sea of details and overlook the main ideas. If you’re short on time, you might not even be able to make it through the entire chapter. By creating an outline, you’ll be sifting through the information strategically and efficiently.  Outlining helps you to focus on the most important points and gloss over excess detail. When you make an outline, you’re effectively creating an exam study guide in advance. If you put together a good outline, you won’t even have to return to your textbook when exam time arrives. Reading assignments don’t have to feel like a dull slog. Creating an outline while you read will keep your brain stimulated and help you retain more information. To get started, follow this simple outlining process next time you read a textbook chapter.​​ 1. Carefully Read the First Paragraph of the Chapter In the first paragraph, the author establishes a basic structure for the entire chapter. This paragraph tells you what topics will be covered and what some of the chapter’s main themes will be. It may also include key questions that the author plans to answer in this chapter. Make sure you read this paragraph slowly and carefully. Absorbing this information now will save you a lot of time later. 2. Carefully Read the Last Paragraph of the Chapter Yes, that’s right: you get to skip ahead! In the very last paragraph, the author sums up the chapter’s conclusions about the main topics and themes and may provide brief answers to some of the key questions raised in the first paragraph. Again, read slowly and carefully. 3. Write Down Every Heading After reading the first and last paragraphs, you should have a broad sense of the chapter’s content. Now, return to the beginning of the chapter and write down the title of each section heading. These will be the largest headings in the chapter and should be identifiable by a big, bold font or bright color. These headings reflect the chapter’s main topics and/or themes. 4. Write Down Every Subheading Now its time to head back to the beginning of the chapter. Repeat the process from Step 3, but this time, write down the subheadings beneath every section heading.  The subheadings reflect the main points the author will make about each topic and/or theme covered in the chapter. 5. Read the First and Last Paragraph of Every Subheading Section, and Make Notes Are you sensing a theme yet? The first and last paragraphs of each subheading section typically contain that section’s most important content. Record that content in your outline. Don’t worry about using complete sentences; write in whatever style is easiest for you to understand. 6. Read the First and Last Sentence of Every Paragraph, and Make Notes Return to the beginning of the chapter. This time, read the first and last sentence of every paragraph. This process should reveal significant details that might not be included elsewhere in the chapter. Write down the important details you find in each subheading section of your outline. 7. Quickly Skim the Chapter, Looking for Bold Terms and/or Statements For the final time, flip through the entire chapter, skimming each paragraph for terms or statements that the author emphasizes with bold or highlighted text. Read each one and record it in the proper section in your outline. Remember, every textbook is a little different and may require a slightly modified outlining process. For example, if your textbook includes introductory paragraphs beneath every section heading, make a point of reading those in full and including a few notes in your outline. Your textbook might also include a table of contents at the beginning of each chapter, or better yet, a chapter summary or review.  When you finish your outline, you can double check your work by comparing it to these sources. You’ll be able to make sure your outline isn’t missing any of the major points highlighted by the author. At first, it might seem strange to skip over sentences. (â€Å"How can I understand the content if I dont read all of it?†) Counterintuitive though it may feel, this outlining process is a simpler, faster strategy for understanding what you read. By starting with a broad view of the chapter’s main points, you’ll be able to better comprehend (and retain) details and their significance. Plus, if you have extra time, you can always go back and read every line in the chapter from beginning to end. You’ll probably be surprised by how well you already know the material.

Final project plan Huawei Essays

Final project plan Huawei Essays Final project plan Huawei Essay Final project plan Huawei Essay In 1 997 Hawaii initiated its process of internationalization to expand its business to n international scale. Progressively, Hawaii started to obtain successes both in its domestic market, emerging markets and mature markets in developed countries such as the US and European countries. In 2012 Hawaii undertook the Swedish company Erections position and became the largest telecommunication equipment maker in the world in terms of volume of sales. Up to date, it operates in more than 140 countries with more than 1 50,000 employees worldwide. After their success in the domestic market Hawaii started their international expansion. It first decided to go for the ass way: markets in developing countries such as Africa and South East Asia. With this alternative internationalization process in developing markets came along a common limitation and negative brand image. This is why the Hawaii board decided to try to enter the European market. However, the main issue is for Hawaii in Europe is that they have a lack of previous experience and achievements to show their value to operators. It is impossible for Hawaii to win any tenders when they have to face competitors whom already have decades of experience o relationship with operators. So, in order to successfully enter the European market, Hawaii wants to develop an expansion strategy for Europe, based on: Aggressive pricing and stable performance. The price factor is a key element Of the Hawaii competitive advantage. Indeed, to keep the price low, Hawaii was using Chinese workforce sent in Europe and delivering products manufactured in China. : The brand name Hawaii was seen has a low-end bad manufacturer, so the company need to build a good reputation. Customer first, fast market response and free services. Strategic marketing operation to deliver free of charge a network to the operator. Moreover, Hawaii customized a software for its client. Thus, the operation was a success that astonished every operators perception of Hawaii. The initial Hawaii Europe Board requirements are: Ensure that the European regulatory framework allows the entry of Hawaii products in the European IT sector. Ensure that there is enough market size for the entry of Hawaii products and competitors. How to build brand image for improving brand reputation. Ensure the need (or not) for adaptation of Hawaii products to the European arrest and the buying behavior. Ensure distribution channels and local logistics centers. Ensure the need for specific marketing programs for the European market. Identify the resources required to launch this expansion strategy, costs, schedule, potential risks and stakeholders. Our project team and mission In this project plan we are going to define a plan on the expansion Strategy of Hawaii in Europe which will include a scope management plan, time and cost management plan, risk management plan and a stakeholders management plan. The project team working on this project plan consists out of: II . SCOPE MANAGEMENT PLAN In this section we are going to define the objective of the project and the work that needs to be done to complete the project successfully. To do this weve created a work breakdown Structure which will identify the projects final service and the deliverables needed to address Husseins requirements. Weve also defined the resources needed for all the deliverables and the responsible person. In the work breakdown structure dictionary you will find a detailed description of the work breakdown structure components. To finish we made traceability matrix in which you will be able to see if all the deliverables are linked to the requirements.

READING ASSIGNMENT(2 QUESTIONS) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

READING (2 QUESTIONS) - Assignment Example The organization has a vision of equality and justice. During the last three decades the work done by the organization has help battle social problems of women including equal credit opportunity, educational equity, women’s HIV/AIDS epidemic, and access to health care to low income women (Centerwomenpolicy). The Center has a great reputation due to the quality of their social work. In the House in Mango Street novel illustrated a minority family had progressed by moving to a better apartment. Organizations such as the Center of Women Policy Center have been fighting to improve the quality of life of women across the world. The programs developed by the Center for Women Policy consider the combined effect of factors and variables such as gender, race, ethnicity, class, age, and disability (Centerwomenpolicy). The work done by this organization has empowered women in America and across the world. A successful program the organization implemented to promote women’s health is the state policy on reproductive rights and health. The health and well being of women is a factor that has improved over the years. The feminist movement of the 1970’s increased the participation of women in the workplace. As a consequence women nowadays suffer from more work related diseases than in the past. One of those diseases is hypertension. Hypertension is a major risk factor for heart disease. Today’s women are expected to have a job while at the same time raising a family. African-American women are more susceptible to catching hypertension than women of other races. HIV/AIDS is an epidemic that is affects the women population. The symptoms associated with this disease are not as clear cut in women which makes it harder to diagnose the disease than in men. The racial profile of the women is a factor that determines the risk of catching the disease. In 2005 among the HIV/AIDS women population 64% were

John Dewey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

John Dewey - Essay Example The community as a whole, through formal laws and customs, codifies behavior that ultimately commits individuals to a specific course of action. Such predictable actions are required for community life. The schools function as socializing agencies, internalizing the child's recognition of social duties and the will to carry them out. Dewey insisted that social ties, like the parent-child relationship, are natural. The mutual responsibilities corresponding to these specific stations are therefore intrinsic and binding. By nurturing the social spirit of the child, an habitual disposition to act out of social service and for the common good will becomes manifest. Pursuit of self-advantage and infidelity to one's social responsibilities is a primary evil according to Dewey. Freedom and social responsibility are not incompatible. Social authority is natural and inevitable, not a necessary limitation on personal freedom. Throughout his writings, Dewey retained the Hegelian insight that man achieves human qualities and fulfillment by participating in the enhancement of community life. Individuals should identify the social good as their own true good by perceiving the values and common interests that bind people together. Their freedom and happiness ultimately depend upon it. Individuals should obey the la... However, in advocating policy changes, they must persuade others voluntarily. The burden of proof is upon them to demonstrate how a specific law or practice fails to serve the common good. Dewey's theory of democracy was designed to reconcile freedom with authority, social stability with the need for reform, and universal standards with specific circumstances. He substantively refined Lockean individualism, which is popularly associated with the modern liberal tradition. Dewey comprehensively applied these insights to the reform of education. Once again, many critics mistakenly identify him with the radical, subjectivist approach of progressive education. Dewey denounced the progressive educator's romantic fetish for the "natural child." The child-centered school provided no standards at all; logically it culminated in anarchy. Proper teacher authority and a well-structured curriculum were indispensable. Dewey argued that, "to fail to assure them guidance and direction is not merely a permit to operate in a blind and spasmodic fashion, but it promotes the formation of habits of immature, undeveloped, and egoistic activity." (Dewey, 1930) Indulging a child's selfish whims would lead to an arrest of growth and the disintegration of personality. The development of mental powers follows certain laws of growth. The fact that a child might desire something does not mean that it is in fact desirable. That judgment can be determined only after critical reflection. (Dewey, 1929) The glorification of the spontaneous and immediately enjoyable also stunted the child's capacity to understand contemporary social life. These students were not socially responsible or cognizant of the forces of industrial civilization. While

Nursing Science in Research and Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Nursing Science in Research and Practice - Essay Example M., 2002). Evidence-based science is needed to be integrated into the nursing practice to meet the nursing roles of 21st century standards. By evidence-based practice, it is meant that these are proven ways to diagnose and treat patients based on rigorous evidence from contemporary science that may include not only theoretical perspectives, also practice perspectives. By practice perspectives, it is intended to mean studies that elucidate the clinical effectiveness of a particular practice. Authors have also defined it as application of best available empirical evidence that applies recent research findings to clinical practice so it may come into assistance of the clinical decision making of the nurse. To move into the 21st century, the nurses need to base their clinical practice on such empirical evidence to optimize outcomes of clients, to provide safe and accountable practice within the ethical realm, to ensure cost-effective practice on the face of resource constraints, and by these, to e nhance credibility of the profession (Litchfield, M., 1999). When the question of roles that nurses need to play to be able to efficiently do this arises, the answer is simple. They need to fill the gap between research findings and their implementation in their practice. In practice the academic structure for the basic nursing training should be oriented in such a manner that they can overcome the currently observed difficulty in synthesizing empirical and contextual evidence in order to integrate evidence-based changes into practice. Thus, their role should increasingly demonstrate skills and resourcefulness to appraise, synthesize, and implement best evidence into practice. This indicates an organized drift from the established knowledge and practice, and the nurses need to assume the dual role of a practitioner and a researcher. The science of nursing knowledge is a same scholarly investigative process that attempts to find out the factors that cause a change in the phenomenon. Thus, they should accept a practice activity that has been substantiated as predicting valid and reliable outcomes for their clients. This could only be done through establishment of a new body of knowledge confirmed by numerous research efforts and implementation of change in conventional practice based on that knowledge (Rogers, M. E., 1970). The integration of nursing practice should happen with strong rigorous empiric evidence, and such practice is always underpinned by nursing theory and science. The 21st Century nurses, thus would practice a systematic way of knowing that allows them to understand, predict, and explain the outcomes of their practice that is desired to help clients. It is important to note that now, the knowledge is being generated as a rapid pace, and they must adjust to this speed where they are able to understand and articulate clearly the theoretical bases of their discipline, both past and present. With a scholarship only, they can diagnose

Traffic Jam Essay Example for Free

Traffic Jam Essay Traffic jam is one of popular issue in over the world in general and Vietnam’s big cities in particular. The scientists and Vietnam Government have found out the causes of this problem, one of main causes is the traffic participant’s awareness. These include the knowledge about traffic regulations, respecting for the traffic policeman’s controlling and behavior in the streets. As we know, there is a huge number of people living in big cities, while the people who leave the countryside for the city to work and study make up a large proportion of population. Many of them do not have enough knowledge about traffic rules. On the other hand, they carry the countryside’s lifestyle to take part in traffic in a big city. Therefore, they do not know how to go correctly in a complex traffic. According to a sociology research, the inhabitant’s knowledge about traffic rules is so bad, among 360 answerers were only 8% said that they know and understand all of traffic regulations, 78% said that they just know some simple regulations and 16% said that they do not know any rule of traffic. Another important cause is people’s consciousness to execute the traffic rules. Maybe they know about traffic regulations very well but they do not respect because they think that it is not important even there is the control of policeman. For example, they know that when the red light is on they have to stop but they pass intentionally. Following the statistic of Hanoi Traffic Police Apartment, there were about 991,000 peoples broke the law with amount of penalty was 50 billions Vietnam dong in 2005. By 2006, it increases to 1 300 000 peoples and 100 billions Vietnam dong. And in 7 months of early 2007, there were approximate 700,000 cases broke the traffic regulations. The increasing infringement the rule help to raise traffic jam.

History of the Gay and Lesbian Rights Movement :: Gays and Lesbians in America

THE HOMOPHILE YEARS (1940s-60s – WWII, Cold War, McCarthyism): 1940s  · Growth in the urban subculture of gay men and lesbians.  · Government and police harassment, persecution, and investigation of gays. 1950s-1960s  · The homophile movement remained small and relatively marginalized. End of 1960s  · Rise of activism + â€Å"Gay is good†  · Reformist goals: à ¼ decriminalization of homosexual acts, à ¼ equal treatment and equal rights under the law, à ¼ dissemination of accurate, à ¼ â€Å"unbiased† information about homosexuality.  · Achievements: à ¼ right to publish gay and lesbian magazines, à ¼ first employment discrimination cases won, à ¼ constraints on police harassment, à ¼ dialogue opened in the scientific and religious communities, à ¼ media visibility, à ¼ organizational impulse, à ¼ denunciation of how gays and lesbians are a mistreated, persecuted minority.  · Problems: Society’s hostility against homosexuals and the penalties attached to exposure. STONEWALL AND THE EMERGENCE OF RADICAL GAY LIBERATION (1969-e1970s): June 1969  · Stonewall Riot à ° Symbol of a new militance. Result: a radical mass movement. Early 1970s  · Gay Liberation Front (GLF): Radical gay and lesbian activism.  · Influences: civil rights movement, Black Power movement, white student movement, antiwar movement, and feminism.  · Goals: à ¼ Attack of the systemic oppression of gays and lesbians. à ¼ Analysis of gay oppression and sexism. à ¼ Making common cause with â€Å"all the oppressed† and commitment to a larger project of political change. à ¼ Public demonstrations and emphasis on visibility.  · Achievements: à ¼ New rhetoric of pride and affirmation. à ¼ Political, social, and cultural organizations that helped build a movement and a community. à ¼ Public affirmation of homosexual identity (coming out in public).  · Problems: Employment discrimination, arrests, political conservatism, economic entrenchment, and lack of attention to sexism and racism. A GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT (1970s):  · Reformative politics: Rather than try to destroy the old in order to build something new, they sought recognition and inclusion in American society. à ¼ Gay Activist Alliance (GAA). à ¼ From liberation to activism.  · Emphasis on coming out and gay rights. They expected and demanded acceptance for who they were.  · Militant and angry protests.  · Language of pride and self-affirmation; rejection of mainstream cultural views of homosexuality.  · Single-issue organizations, completely gay-focused, with clearly specified structures and processes.  · Goals: ending job discrimination, media invisibility, church and military discrimination.  · Achievements: à ¼ 1973 à ° the American Psychiatric Association eliminates homosexuality from its list of mental disorders. à ¼ less discrimination and harassment, à ¼ greater visibility, à ¼ new economic opportunities for gay-oriented businesses (bars, bathhouses, discos, restaurants, etc.

Appreciation Due to Death :: Life Dying Essays

Appreciation due to Death Since the day the first man was created and then destroyed, a theory about life has been made. Everyday people take their lives for granted. But after they have faced mortal loss or life-threatening situations, their attitude towards life changes. They soon come to understand that the gift of life is to be appreciated and not taken for granted. Yulisa Amadu Maddy and T.S. Eliot are two writers who through their literature prove that death can change a person’s outlook on life. Both of these authors, however, express this theory differently. For instance Maddy, author of No Past, No Present, No Future, portrays this theory through the life stories of three very different African boys. Whether it is someone they care for or themselves, each one of these boys, throughout their life, is confronted or threatened by death. The story of Joe Bengoh’s life is one example of how Maddy shows that death can teach a person to appreciate life. Maddy begins Joe’s life story by showing readers his attitude towards life. He portrays it as an unappreciative and non-caring attitude. A reader knows this because in the beginning of the book Maddy describes how Joe’s drunken parents died in a house fire. When Joe finds out about this tragic event, he reacts by stating that "My father destroyed my mother; my mother inveighed against my father. Thank God they are dead"(4). By reading this, a reader can come to the conclusion that Joe despises his parents, doe s not care that they are gone, and has no appreciation for his life or anyone else’s. If he appreciated life, then he either would have felt sorry that the parents he hates lost their lives or he would have been thankful for not being in the fire. But Joe did not express any of these emotions; therefore meaning that he does not appreciate life. This ungrateful and unappreciative attitude of his, however, does not last. A number of life-threatening and mortal loss events happen to him. All of these events are the beginning stages to changing Joe’s outlook on life. They leave strong emotional and mental impacts on him, and force him to understand how to appreciate the life he is granted with. For example, it begins with the Mary incident. One summer Joe stayed at Ade John’s house and there they met a young, innocent girl named Mary. Appreciation Due to Death :: Life Dying Essays Appreciation due to Death Since the day the first man was created and then destroyed, a theory about life has been made. Everyday people take their lives for granted. But after they have faced mortal loss or life-threatening situations, their attitude towards life changes. They soon come to understand that the gift of life is to be appreciated and not taken for granted. Yulisa Amadu Maddy and T.S. Eliot are two writers who through their literature prove that death can change a person’s outlook on life. Both of these authors, however, express this theory differently. For instance Maddy, author of No Past, No Present, No Future, portrays this theory through the life stories of three very different African boys. Whether it is someone they care for or themselves, each one of these boys, throughout their life, is confronted or threatened by death. The story of Joe Bengoh’s life is one example of how Maddy shows that death can teach a person to appreciate life. Maddy begins Joe’s life story by showing readers his attitude towards life. He portrays it as an unappreciative and non-caring attitude. A reader knows this because in the beginning of the book Maddy describes how Joe’s drunken parents died in a house fire. When Joe finds out about this tragic event, he reacts by stating that "My father destroyed my mother; my mother inveighed against my father. Thank God they are dead"(4). By reading this, a reader can come to the conclusion that Joe despises his parents, doe s not care that they are gone, and has no appreciation for his life or anyone else’s. If he appreciated life, then he either would have felt sorry that the parents he hates lost their lives or he would have been thankful for not being in the fire. But Joe did not express any of these emotions; therefore meaning that he does not appreciate life. This ungrateful and unappreciative attitude of his, however, does not last. A number of life-threatening and mortal loss events happen to him. All of these events are the beginning stages to changing Joe’s outlook on life. They leave strong emotional and mental impacts on him, and force him to understand how to appreciate the life he is granted with. For example, it begins with the Mary incident. One summer Joe stayed at Ade John’s house and there they met a young, innocent girl named Mary.